渣浆泵的主要零部件及结构型式

1.离心泵的主要零部件

(1)叶轮。

叶轮是将来自原动机的能量传递给液体的零件，流体流经叶轮后能量增加。叶轮一般由前盖板、后盖板、叶片和轮毂组成。有前后盖板的叶轮称闭式叶轮，如果没有前盖板的称半开式叶轮，如果前后盖板都没有称开式叶轮。
(2)泵体。

常由吸水室和压水室两大部分组成。

吸水室的作用是引导流体平顺均匀地进入叶轮，吸水室主要有三种结构形式:锥形管吸水室、圆环型吸水室和半螺旋型吸水室。
    压水室的作用是以最小的损失将从叶轮中流出的液体收集起来，均匀地引至泵的出口或次级叶轮，在这个过程中，还将流体的一部分动能变为压力能。 压水室主要有螺旋形蜗室、环形压出室、径向导叶、流导式导叶和扭曲叶片式导叶等。
(3)泵轴

泵轴支承并带动叶轮施转。泵轴一端用键和叶轮螺母固定叶轮。另一端装联轴器与电机连接。泵轴应有足够的强度和刚度，一般由碳素钢或合金钢制成。

(4) 密封环。

由于时轮旋转时，将能量传递给液体，所以在离心泵中形成高压区和低压区。为了减少高压区液体向低压区流动，在泵体和叶轮上分别安装了两个密封坏，两密封环之间有很小的间隙，以减少高压区液体向低压区流动。装在泵体上的叫泵体密封环，装在叶轮上的叫叶轮密封环，密封环磨损后可以更换。
(5)轴封机构。

在泵轴伸出泵体处，旋转的轴和固定的泵体之间有轴封机构。轴封机构有两个作用:一是减少有压力的液体流出泵外，二是防止空气进入泵内。泵的轴封有填料密封、机械密封、油封等。详见第五章“泵的轴封选择与应用”。
(6)轴向力平衡机构。

泵在运行中由于作用在转子上的力不对称产生了轴向力，为了泵平稳正常运转，需要对轴向力给予平衡。单级泵中常采用平衡孔或平衡管平衡轴向力，多级泵中一般采用平衡盘或平衡鼓平衡轴向力。详见本章第十节。

离心泵除了上述主要零件外，还有中段、轴承体 、托架、支架、 联轴器等主要零部件。渣浆泵厂家

Main parts and structure of slurry pump

1. Main parts of centrifugal pump

(1) impeller.

The impeller is the part that transfers the energy of the automatic prime mover to the liquid, and the energy increases when the fluid flows through the impeller. Impeller is generally composed of front cover plate, rear cover plate, blade and hub. The impeller with front and rear cover plates is called closed impeller. If there is no front cover plate, it is called semi open impeller. If there is no front and rear cover plate, it is not called open impeller.

(2) pump body.

It is usually composed of two parts: water suction chamber and water pressure chamber.

The function of the suction chamber is to guide the fluid smoothly and evenly into the impeller. There are three main types of the suction chamber: the cone-shaped pipe suction chamber, the ring-shaped suction chamber and the half spiral suction chamber.

The function of the pressurized water chamber is to collect the liquid flowing out of the impeller with the minimum loss and guide it to the outlet of the pump or the secondary impeller evenly. In this process, part of the kinetic energy of the fluid is also changed into the pressure energy The pressurized water chamber mainly includes spiral volute chamber, annular pressing chamber, radial guide vane, flow guide vane and twisted vane guide vane.

(3) pump shaft

The pump shaft supports and drives the impeller to rotate. One end of the pump shaft is used to fix the impeller with key and impeller nut. The other end is equipped with a coupling to connect with the motor. The pump shaft shall have sufficient strength and rigidity, generally made of carbon steel or alloy steel.

(4) sealing ring.

As the time wheel rotates, the energy is transferred to the liquid, so a high pressure area and a low pressure area are formed in the centrifugal pump. In order to reduce the flow of liquid in the high pressure area to the low pressure area, two seals are installed on the pump body and impeller respectively, and there is a small gap between the two seals, so as to reduce the flow of liquid in the high pressure area to the low pressure area. The seal ring installed on the pump body is called pump body seal ring, and the seal ring installed on the impeller is called impeller seal ring. The seal ring can be replaced after it is worn.

(5) shaft seal mechanism.

When the pump shaft extends out of the pump body, there is a shaft seal mechanism between the rotating shaft and the fixed pump body. The shaft seal mechanism has two functions: one is to reduce the pressure of liquid out of the pump, the other is to prevent air into the pump. The pump shaft seal has packing seal, mechanical seal, oil seal, etc. See Chapter 5 "selection and application of pump shaft seal" for details.

(6) axial force balancing mechanism.

In order to keep the pump running smoothly and normally, it is necessary to balance the axial force. In single-stage pump, the balance hole or balance pipe is often used to balance the axial force, and in multi-stage pump, the balance disk or balance drum is generally used to balance the axial force. See section 10 of this chapter for details.

In addition to the above main parts of centrifugal pump, there are middle section, bearing body, bracket, bracket, coupling and other main parts. Slurry pump manufacturer