渣浆泵弹性联轴器传动结构
    泵的弹性联轴器有柱销弹性联轴器、爪型弹性联轴器、金属绕性弹性膜片联轴器等。

1.柱销弹性联轴器
(1)柱销弹性联轴器的结构 

如图5-36所示，是由泵端联轴器、电机端联轴器、柱销、橡胶弹性圈、挡圈、螺母和弹簧垫圈等组成。泵端联轴器的柱销与孔是锥形配合，通过螺母和垫圈牢牢地将柱销固定在泵端联轴器上，柱销上有橡胶弹性圈，当电机端联轴器转动时，带动泵端联轴器转动，橡胶弹性圈可起缓冲减振作用。

为了使泵检修时方便，常将柱销弹性联轴器制成加长型，如图5-37 所示。泵检修时，可将中间联轴器取下，就可将泵的转子抽出，可以在不拆泵、管路和电机的情况下进行检修。

(2)柱销弹性联轴器的安装和使用

①联轴器找正:泵和原动机的轴心线必须在同一直线上，否则，运转时将会产生极大的振动和噪声.所以必需要找正。
    找正方法有粗找和精找两种方法。粗找可用直尺和塞尺来找正，将直尺放在联轴器的外圆上，紧紧靠住联轴器的任一半联轴器 上，看直尺与另一半联轴器之间的间隙大小，如图5-38所示。需要检查联轴器的上下左右4个点，用泵或电机脚的垫片来调正，直到间隙没有或很小，同时还需要用塞尺检查两联轴器之间的间隙，也需要检查上下左右4个点之间的间隙相差应小于0.1mm。精确找正时，需要用百分表查找。将百分表架固定在泵或电机轴上或联轴器上，用百分表打在另一半的联轴器外圆上，两联轴器一起转动一周，跳动值应小于0. 1mm。
    ②联轴器间的间隙:泵联轴器与原动机联轴器之同应有一定的距离，以防止将泵的轴向力传递给原动机，烧坏原动机的轴承。间隙C的大小可视泵的大小来决定，可在表5-5。

对用平衡盘平衡轴向力的多级泵，由于转子窜动比较大，所以应取大值，并且调间隙时还应注意一定要先将平衡盘紧靠住平衡板后再确定其间隙。
    (3)柱销弹性联轴器生产已定型、标准化。共有10种规格，适用于不同的扭矩。表5-5为各种规格允许的扭矩，选用时可计算出泵的扭矩后选取。
    (4)安装时将联轴器放正于轴头上，用木螂头打入或用木块垫在联轴器上用铁锤打入。对较大直径的联轴器，装配时可能较紧，可将联轴器加热后再装。
    (5)橡胶弹性圈磨损后应及时更换，否则会增加振动和噪声。渣浆泵

Transmission structure of elastic coupling of slurry pump

The elastic coupling of the pump includes pin elastic coupling, claw type elastic coupling, metal wound elastic diaphragm coupling, etc.

1. Pin elastic coupling

(1) structure of pin elastic coupling

As shown in figure 5-36, it is composed of pump end coupling, motor end coupling, pin, rubber elastic ring, retaining ring, nut and spring washer. The pin and hole of the pump end coupling are tapered fit. The pin is firmly fixed on the pump end coupling by nuts and washers. There is rubber elastic ring on the pin. When the motor end coupling rotates, it drives the pump end coupling to rotate, and the rubber elastic ring can buffer and reduce vibration.

In order to facilitate pump maintenance, the pin elastic coupling is often made into an extended type, as shown in figure 5-37. During pump maintenance, the intermediate coupling can be removed to extract the pump rotor, and maintenance can be carried out without removing the pump, pipeline and motor.

(2) installation and use of pin elastic coupling

① alignment of coupling: the axial line of pump and prime mover must be in the same straight line, otherwise, great vibration and noise will be generated during operation, so alignment is necessary.

There are two methods of alignment: coarse and fine. For rough alignment, use a ruler and a feeler gauge to align. Place the ruler on the outer circle of the coupling, tightly lean on any half of the coupling, and see the gap between the ruler and the other half of the coupling, as shown in figure 5-38. It is necessary to check the four points on the left and right of the coupling, and use the gasket of the pump or motor foot to adjust until the gap is not or very small. At the same time, it is also necessary to check the gap between the two couplings with a feeler gauge. It is also necessary to check that the gap between the four points on the left and right of the coupling should be less than 0.1mm. For accurate alignment, it is necessary to use a dial indicator. Fix the dial indicator bracket on the pump or motor shaft or coupling, use the dial indicator to hit the outer circle of the other half of the coupling, rotate the two couplings together for a week, and the runout value shall be less than 0.1mm.

② clearance between couplings: there should be a certain distance between the pump coupling and the prime mover coupling to prevent the axial force of the pump from being transmitted to the prime mover and burning the bearings of the prime mover. The size of clearance C can be determined by the size of the pump, which can be found in table 5-5.

For the multi-stage pump balancing the axial force with the balance plate, since the rotor movement is relatively large, the large value should be taken, and when adjusting the clearance, attention should be paid to first place the balance plate against the balance plate and then determine the clearance.

(3) the production of pin elastic coupling has been finalized and standardized. There are 10 specifications for different torques. Table 5-5 shows the allowable torque of various specifications, which can be selected after calculating the torque of the pump.

(4) during installation, place the coupling on the shaft head, and use the wood Lang head to drive or use the wood block pad to drive on the coupling with a hammer. For the coupling with larger diameter, it may be tight during assembly, and the coupling can be installed after heating.

(5) the rubber elastic ring shall be replaced in time after being worn, otherwise vibration and noise will be increased. Slurry pump