碳酸盐法实现含 金渣浆泵黄铁矿和毒砂浮选分离的作用机理是什么?
    碳酸盐法包括碳酸钠和碳酸锌两种药剂。碳酸钠对黄铁矿表面的氧化产物有一定的清洗作用 (溶解作用)，从而活化黄铁矿， 使黄铁矿和毒砂的可浮性差异增大，加强分选的效果。当联合使用碳酸钠和漂白粉时，可以强化对毒砂的抑制，而控制药剂的加药顺序，可以改善黄铁矿的浮选。使用碳酸钠作调整剂，要注意其用量，用量过高也会引起对金的抑制。氧化矿石的浮选，当需要在较高的pH条件下浮选时，一般用碳酸钠的效 果要优于石灰的效果，使介质pH达到9左右，可溶性铁盐便产生沉淀。
    在石灰介质中被抑制的黄铁矿，可以加碳酸钠或者硫酸加以活化。当矿石中存在黄铁矿和磁黄铁矿以及毒砂时，磁黄铁矿和毒砂

的可浮性比黄铁矿的差，石灰对它们的抑制能力更强，加入适量的苏打，可以活化黄铁矿，实现与毒砂和磁黄铁矿的分离。
    碳酸钠的活化作用，有人认为是由于它对矿浆pH的缓冲作用和沉淀抑制Cu的作用所致。也有人认为加入碳酸钠，不仅可以测节pH.而且使黄铁矿等矿物的表面负电位的绝对值增大:静电斥力势能增大，从而有利于矿粒的分散。据报道，适量的碳酸钠加入磨矿回路，对毒砂的浮选也具有良好的作用，原因是碳酸钠是金属铁的阻化剂，能使已溶氧在磨矿回路中保持在较高的浓度，这是在硫化矿物浮选之前使硫化矿氧化所必需的。另一方面，碳酸根离子既可以从已氧化的毒砂表面除掉砷，又能使其表面与捕收剂的阴离子继续作用。据此可以认为，碳酸钠溶液对于砷黄铁矿的优先浮选，可以被认为是浮选之前准备原矿的最好介质。俄罗斯一选矿厂采用这一制备浮选矿浆的方法处理金砷矿石，使毒砂的回收率提高13.20%，金回收率提高5. 5%。渣浆泵
    碳酸锌法实质上是胶体碳酸锌法。如果单独使用碳酸钠，其对毒砂的抑制作用较弱，单独使用碳酸锌对毒砂基本无抑制作用。但是，当硫酸锌与碳酸钠以一定比例混合配制成胶体碳酸锌作抑制剂时，却能够满意地抑制毒砂的浮选。同时发现:不论碳酸钠和硫酸锌的配比如何，使用胶体碳酸锌对含金黄铁矿的可浮性没有影响。碳酸钠和硫酸锌的合适配比应以硫酸锌含量在30%以下比较适宜，此时抑制毒砂的效果较好。

What is the mechanism of flotation separation of pyrite and arsenopyrite by carbonate method?

Carbonate process includes sodium carbonate and zinc carbonate. Sodium carbonate has a certain cleaning effect (dissolution effect) on the oxidized products on the surface of pyrite, thus activating pyrite, increasing the floatability difference between pyrite and arsenopyrite, and enhancing the separation effect. When sodium carbonate and bleaching powder are used together, the inhibition of arsenopyrite can be strengthened, and the flotation of pyrite can be improved by controlling the dosing sequence of reagents. When sodium carbonate is used as an adjusting agent, attention should be paid to its dosage. Too high dosage will also cause inhibition on gold. When the flotation of oxidized ore needs to be carried out at a higher pH, the effect of sodium carbonate is generally better than that of lime. When the medium pH reaches about 9, soluble iron salt will precipitate.

Pyrite inhibited in lime medium can be activated by adding sodium carbonate or sulfuric acid. When pyrite and pyrrhotite and arsenopyrite are present in the ore, pyrrhotite and arsenopyrite

The floatability of pyrite is worse than that of pyrite, and lime has a stronger ability to inhibit them. Adding a proper amount of soda can activate pyrite and realize the separation with arsenopyrite and pyrrhotite.

It is believed that the activation of sodium carbonate is due to its buffering effect on pulp pH and the inhibition of Cu by precipitation. It is also believed that the addition of sodium carbonate can not only measure the pH value, but also increase the absolute value of negative potential on the surface of pyrite and other minerals: the potential energy of electrostatic repulsion increases, which is conducive to the dispersion of ore particles. It is reported that proper amount of sodium carbonate added to the grinding circuit also has a good effect on the flotation of arsenopyrite, because sodium carbonate is an inhibitor of metal iron, which can keep the dissolved oxygen at a higher concentration in the grinding circuit, which is necessary for the oxidation of sulfide ore before the flotation of sulfide minerals. On the other hand, carbonate ion can not only remove arsenic from the oxidized arsenopyrite surface, but also make its surface continue to interact with the anions of collectors. It can be concluded that sodium carbonate solution is the best medium to prepare the raw ore before flotation. The recovery of arsenopyrite and arsenopyrite increased by 13.20% and 5.5% respectively. Slurry pump

Zinc carbonate method is essentially colloidal zinc carbonate method. If sodium carbonate is used alone, its inhibition on arsenopyrite is weak, and zinc carbonate alone has no inhibition on arsenopyrite. However, when zinc sulfate and sodium carbonate are mixed in a certain proportion to form colloidal zinc carbonate as an inhibitor, the flotation of arsenopyrite can be inhibited satisfactorily. At the same time, it is found that the colloidal zinc carbonate has no effect on the floatability of gold bearing pyrite regardless of the ratio of sodium carbonate and zinc sulfate. The proper ratio of sodium carbonate and zinc sulfate should be less than 30% zinc sulfate, and the effect of inhibiting arsenopyrite is better.