渣浆泵和压缩机在油气储运工程中的应用

在石油及天然气的储存和运输工程中，离不开管道储罐，泵和压缩机。管道是输送工具，储罐是储存设备，而泵和压缩机则是为流体输送提供动力的机械。随着石油工业生产的发展，石油产品输送的管道化日益重要。我国已建成和在建的多条大型长距离输油输气管道对油气储运工程提出了更高的要求。作为输送动力的泵和压缩机是长距离输送中的核心设备，采用安全、高效的泵和压缩机是首要的任务,对提高效率、降低成本起着重要作用。另外，在些辅助性环节中，如动力风源、仪表控制用风及水循环系统等，都离不开泵和压缩机。
一、在油气集输和处理过程中的应用

油气集输是指收集各油气田上各井产出的采出液或天然气及其伴生气，经分离、计量后汇集输送到处理站。在油气处理站内进行的工作包括油气水分离、原油脱水、原油稳定、天然气脱水和含油污水处理等。在处理站，主要用到原油泵、污水泵以及多相混输泵。渣浆泵

天然气从气井采出后,经过节流降压、分离除液、计量后，再由集输气站送至天然气处理厂或长输管道首站。在天然气集输过程中,随着气田天然气不断开采，气井天然气压力逐浙降低，当降至集气管线压力,而无法进入集气管网时,需要增压。由于气田增压站的特点是来气压力和流量变化大，通常采用往复式压缩机进行增压，有时也采用喷射式压缩机来实现增压。而在天然气净化厂的脱硫脱水、硫磺回收和尾气处理等装置中除了用到大量的耐腐蚀循环泵外，还用到大型往复式压缩机机和离心式压缩机等，此时为了充分利用循环液体和装置本身产生的中、高压蒸汽，常采用液力透平和背压汽轮机驱动。

Application of slurry pump and compressor in oil and gas storage and Transportation Engineering

In oil and gas storage and transportation engineering, pipeline storage tank, pump and compressor are indispensable. The pipeline is the transport tool, the storage tank is the storage equipment, and the pump and the compressor are the machines which provide the power for the fluid transport. With the development of petroleum industry, the pipeline transportation of petroleum products is becoming more and more important. Many large-scale long-distance oil and gas pipelines that have been built and are under construction in China put forward higher requirements for oil and gas storage and transportation projects. As the core equipment of long-distance transportation, the pump and compressor are used to transport power. It is the first task to adopt safe and efficient pump and compressor, which plays an important role in improving efficiency and reducing cost. In addition, in some auxiliary links, such as power air source, instrument control air and water circulation system, pump and compressor are indispensable.

1、 Application in oil and gas gathering and processing

Oil and gas gathering and transmission refers to the collection of produced fluid or natural gas and associated gas produced by each well in each oil and gas field, which are collected and transported to the treatment station after separation and measurement. The work in the oil and gas treatment station includes oil and gas water separation, crude oil dehydration, crude oil stability, natural gas dehydration and oily sewage treatment. In the treatment station, the primary oil pump, sewage pump and multiphase mixed transportation pump are mainly used. Slurry pump

After the natural gas is produced from the gas well, it is throttled, depressurized, separated, and metered, and then sent to the natural gas treatment plant or the initial station of long-distance pipeline from the gas gathering and transmission station. In the process of natural gas gathering and transmission, with the continuous exploitation of natural gas in the gas field, the pressure of natural gas in the gas well will be reduced one by one. When the pressure of the gas gathering pipeline is reduced and it is unable to enter the gas gathering network, it needs to be pressurized. Because the characteristic of gas field booster station is that the incoming gas pressure and flow change greatly, reciprocating compressor is usually used for boosting, sometimes jet compressor is also used for boosting. In addition to a large number of corrosion-resistant circulating pumps, large reciprocating compressors and centrifugal compressors are also used in the desulfurization and dehydration, sulfur recovery and tail gas treatment units of the natural gas purification plant. At this time, in order to make full use of the circulating liquid and the medium and high pressure steam generated by the unit itself, hydraulic turbines and back pressure turbines are often used for driving.