渣浆泵的分类
离心泵的类型很多,分类方法也很多,通常可按下列方法分类。

1.按液体吸入叶轮的方法分类

(1)单吸式(图1- 1),叶轮只一侧有吸入口。

(2)双吸式(图1-2),叶轮两侧都有吸入口，常用于流量较大的情况，轴上承受的轴向推力由于左右对称，可以基本平衡。
2.按叶轮级数分类
    (1)单级泵(图1-1.图1-2)，泵体中只装有1个叶轮。
    (2)多级泵(图1 3.图 14).同 一根系轴 上串装2个以上叶轮，以产生较高的能头。
3.按壳体剖分方式分类

(1)中开式泵(图1- 2),壳体按通过泵轴中心线的水平面剖分。

(2)分段式泵(图1- 4) ,壳体按与轴垂直的径向平面剖分。
此外，还可按泵轴在空间的方位分为卧式泵和立式泵;按输送介质不同又可分为水泵、油泵杂质泵及耐腐蚀泵 等。
三、离心泵的性能参数
1.流量

泵单位时间内排出的液体量称为泵的流量,体积流量用Q表示，单位是m3/s;质量流量用G表示，单位为kg/s。 二者的关系为:
                              G=pQ                                    (1-1)

式中ρ——液体密度，kg/m3。

扬程

扬程是指单位质量或单位重量的液体经过泵后的机械能增加值，即从泵中获得的有效能量，常用符号H表示，单位为J/kg (单位质量)，或J/N(单位重量)。对J/N进行量纲简化，J/N=N·m/N=m，可以用m来表达。在工程实际中常用m,虽然这一单位与高度单位一致，都是m，但不应把泵的扬程简单理解为输送液体达到的高度，因为泵的扬程不仅用来提高液体的位能，还用来克服液体在输送过程中的流动阻力以及提高液体的静压能和速度能等。

根据扬程定义，液体在泵入口与泵出口之间获得的能量增加值，可按伯努利方程表述为:

由于泵进、出口截面积和高度相差不大，因此进、出口截面的速度能差和高度差均不大，所以泵的扬程主要是增加液体压力。
3.转速
    转速是指泵轴单位时间旋转的次数，用n来表示，常用单位为r/min。它是影响泵性能的一个重要参数。当转速变化时，泵的流量、扬程、功率等参数都要发生变化。
4.功率
    在离心泵中，因为有机械摩擦、流动损失和容积损失，导致功率在由驱动机通过泵轴和叶轮传递给液体的过程中不断减小，因此各处功率的表达式不同，具体表达如下。
1)轴功率
    离心泵的轴功率是由驱动机传递到泵主轴上的功率，也称泵的输入功率，用P来表示。
2)有效功率 渣浆泵

离心泵的有效功率是指单位时间内泵出口流出的液体从泵中获得的能量也称输出功率，用Pe来表示，其公式为

Classification of slurry pumps

There are many types of centrifugal pumps, and there are many classification methods. Generally, they can be classified according to the following methods.

1. Classification according to the method of liquid suction impeller

(1) Single suction type (Figure 1-1), only one side of impeller has suction port.

(2) Double suction type (Figure 1-2), both sides of the impeller have suction ports, which are commonly used in the case of large flow. The axial thrust on the shaft can be basically balanced due to the symmetry of left and right.

2. Classification by impeller stages

(1) Single stage pump (Fig. 1-1. Fig. 1-2), only one impeller is installed in the pump body.

(2) Multistage pump (FIG. 13, FIG. 14). More than two impellers are installed in series on the same root axis to produce higher energy head.

3. Classification according to the division method of shell

(1) Split pump (Fig. 1-2), the shell is divided by the horizontal plane passing through the center line of the pump shaft.

(2) Segmented pump (Figure 1-4), the shell is divided according to the radial plane perpendicular to the shaft.

In addition, it can also be divided into horizontal pump and vertical pump according to the orientation of the pump shaft in the space; it can also be divided into water pump, oil pump impurity pump and corrosion-resistant pump according to the different transmission medium.

3、 Performance parameters of centrifugal pump

1. traffic

The liquid discharged in unit time of the pump is called the flow of the pump, the volume flow is expressed in Q, and the unit is m3 / S; the mass flow is expressed in G, and the unit is kg / s. The relationship between them is as follows:

G=pQ                                    (1-1)

Where ρ - liquid density, kg / m3.

lift

Head refers to the added value of mechanical energy per unit mass or per unit weight of liquid after passing through the pump, that is, the effective energy obtained from the pump, commonly expressed by the symbol h, in J / kg (unit mass), or J / N (unit weight). The dimension of J / N is simplified. J / N = n · M / N = m, which can be expressed by M. M is commonly used in engineering practice. Although this unit is the same as the height unit, it is m, but the head of the pump should not be simply understood as the height of the liquid delivered, because the head of the pump is not only used to improve the potential energy of the liquid, but also to overcome the flow resistance of the liquid in the process of delivery and improve the static pressure energy and speed energy of the liquid.

According to the definition of head, the energy increment value of liquid between pump inlet and pump outlet can be expressed as follows according to Bernoulli equation:

Because the cross-sectional area and height of the inlet and outlet of the pump have little difference, the speed energy difference and height difference of the inlet and outlet cross-section are not big, so the lift of the pump is mainly to increase the liquid pressure.

3. speed

Rotation speed refers to the number of times the pump shaft rotates per unit time, which is expressed in N, and the common unit is R / min. It is an important parameter that affects the performance of pump. When the speed changes, the flow, head, power and other parameters of the pump will change.

4. power

In the centrifugal pump, because of the mechanical friction, flow loss and volume loss, the power is continuously reduced in the process of being transmitted to the liquid by the driving machine through the pump shaft and impeller. Therefore, the expressions of the power are different. The specific expressions are as follows.

1) shaft power

The shaft power of centrifugal pump is the power transmitted from the driver to the main shaft of the pump, also known as the input power of the pump, expressed by P.

2) Effective power slurry pump

The effective power of centrifugal pump refers to the energy obtained from the pump by the liquid flowing out of the pump outlet in unit time, also known as the output power, which is expressed by PE, and its formula is