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渣浆泵类型泵的简介
添加时间:2020.12.12

渣浆泵类型泵的简介

除了前面介绍的离心泵外,在石油天然气输送和处理厂还常用到其他类型的泵。在油田泵站和污水处理厂常用轴流泵,在输送黏度较高的润滑油和燃料油时,常用到往复泵、齿轮泵和螺杆泵等容积泵。在油库泵房中,常采用真空泵对离心泵灌泵以及抽吸油罐底油等。螺杆泵在油气混输以及原油输送中也得到应用。表2- 1给出了常用泵的主要特点及适用范围。
                      2-1 常用泵的主要特点及适用范围

油泵类型螺杆泵
优点能自吸结构简单,体积小:故障少,使用方便;工作平稳,流量均匀;流量和扬程范围大;效率高;能够输送黏油
缺点:对输送介质要求严格,不能含有固体颗粒杂质;不宜输送汽油、煤油
适用范围:输送润滑油、燃料油和柴油;在高扬程大流量下工作效率高

 

油泵类型:往复泵
优点:能自吸;允许吸真空度大:效率高;能够输送黏油,效率变化不大
缺点:结构复杂,体积大;工作时流量不均匀;不能与原动机直接连接;零件多,故障多,检修困难;不宜于输送汽油和煤油

适用范围:输送润滑油、燃料油和柴油;抽吸油罐车底油(小型泵);适合高压下输送少量液体

 

油泵类型:齿轮泵

优点:能自吸;结构简单,体积小;故障少,使用方便;能与原动机直接连接;流量较均匀;能够输送黏油

缺点:零部件加工要求高,价格昂贵流量和扬程范围较小;  不宜于输送汽油和煤油

适用范围:输送润滑油和燃料油;适合流量和扬程较小的场合

 

油泵类型:旋涡泵
优点:能自吸结构简单,体积小,工作可靠;可输送含气量大于5%的液体;安装维修方便
缺点:效率低,一般不超过45%不能用出口节流调节,只能采用旁路调节

适用范围:特别适用于小流量、较高压力的低黏度清洁液体

 

油泵类型:轴流泵
优点:流量大;效率高;运转平稳;可以输送含固体杂质的液体;结构简单,安装方便
缺点扬程小;高效操作区范围小

适用范围:特别适用于大流量,低扬程、黏度低的介质。适用于联合站污水处理等

Brief introduction of slurry pump

In addition to the centrifugal pumps described above, other types of pumps are commonly used in oil and gas transportation and processing plants. Axial flow pumps are commonly used in oil field pumping stations and sewage treatment plants, and reciprocating pumps, gear pumps and screw pumps are commonly used when transporting lubricating oil and fuel oil with high viscosity. In pump room of oil depot, vacuum pump is often used to pump centrifugal pump and pump bottom oil of oil tank. Screw pump is also used in oil-gas mixed transportation and crude oil transportation. Table 2-1 gives the main features and application scope of common pumps.

Table 2-1 main features and application scope of common pumps

Oil pump type: screw pump

Advantages: self suction; simple structure, small volume; few faults, easy to use; stable work, uniform flow; large flow and head range; high efficiency; can transport viscous oil

Disadvantages: strict requirements on the transport medium, no solid particles impurities; not suitable for transportation of gasoline, kerosene

Scope of application: transportation of lubricating oil, fuel oil and diesel oil; high efficiency under high head and large flow

Oil pump type: reciprocating pump

Advantages: it can be self-priming; large allowable suction vacuum; high efficiency; it can transport viscous oil with little change in efficiency

Disadvantages: complex structure, large volume; uneven flow when working; unable to directly connect with the prime mover; many parts, many faults, difficult maintenance; not suitable for transporting gasoline and kerosene

Scope of application: transportation of lubricating oil, fuel oil and diesel oil; suction of oil tank bottom oil (small pump); suitable for conveying a small amount of liquid under high pressure

Oil pump type: gear pump

Advantages: self suction; simple structure, small volume; few faults, easy to use; can be directly connected with the prime mover; the flow is uniform; can transport viscous oil

Disadvantages: high requirements for parts processing, high price; small flow and head range; not suitable for transporting gasoline and kerosene

Scope of application: transportation of lubricating oil and fuel oil; suitable for occasions with small flow and head

Oil pump type: vortex pump

Advantages: self suction; simple structure, small volume, reliable operation; can transport liquid with gas content more than 5%; convenient installation and maintenance

Disadvantages: low efficiency, generally no more than 45%; can not use outlet throttle adjustment, can only use bypass regulation

Scope of application: especially suitable for low viscosity clean liquid with small flow and high pressure

Oil pump type: axial flow pump

Advantages: large flow rate, high efficiency, stable operation, liquid containing solid impurities, simple structure and convenient installation

Disadvantages: small head; small range of efficient operation area

Scope of application: especially suitable for medium with large flow, low head and low viscosity. It is suitable for sewage treatment of combined station