渣浆泵及泵站运行管理的发展趋势

目前，泵的发展总趋向可归结为:

(1)大型化、大容量化。如果说，在50年前，对于5万kW的发电机组被看做是一个重大的技术成就的话，那么，在今天这一动力不过是只能用来驱动- 台130万kW大型汽轮发电机组的给水泵而已。近几年来，国际上大型泵发展很快，巨型轴流泵的叶轮直径已达7m,潜水泵直径已达1.6m,用于城市及工业企业给水工程中的双吸离心泵的功率已达5500kW

(2)高扬程化、高速化。目前，锅炉给水泵的单级扬程已打破了1000m的记录。要进一步实现高扬程化，势必要提高泵的转速。今后随着泵的气蚀、材料强度等问题的不断改善，泵的转速有可能进一步向高速化的方向发展，在泵行业这种高速化的发展趋势是具有世界性的。

(3)系列化、通用化、标准化。产品的系列化、通用化、标准化(简称为“三化")是现代工业生产工艺的必然要求。1975年国际标准化协会制订了额定压力为0.72MPa的单级离心泵的主要尺寸及其规格参数(ISO 2858- 1975E)。 此标准泵的性能范围为:流量6.3~ 400m³/h,扬程25~ 125m。目前，在欧洲凡满足此规格的泵已作为标准泵出售。我国自1958 年以来，在统一型号、 系列分类、定型尺寸等方面也做了不少工作，泵的托架、悬架、轴承架等主要零部件均已有

了系列标准，产品的“三化”程度在不断提高。

今后，随着原子能和燃化工业等科学技术的发展，将进一一步 要求水泵业发展高速、高温、高压、高效率以及大容量等方面的各种特殊产品。同时，也要求不断提高现有常规产品的质量和水平。所有这些，都将意味着必须在基础理论、计算技术、模型试验、测量手段以及材料选择、加工工艺等一系列环节上的革新。

在节能、和谐、可持续发展的方针指导下，在城市给水排水泵站不断发展，尤其是区域长距离输水工程日益增多的现实环境下，对泵站运行管理提出了更高的要求。随着计算机技术、控制技术、通信技术、传感技术的不断发展，泵站SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition)即监控与数据采集系统的建设将日趋完善，泵站的运行管理将逐步实现自动化、信息化和智能化，以保证泵站安

全、可靠、高效运行。

未来是现今的延伸和继续，此任务是十分光荣而艰巨的。

Development trend of slurry pump and pump station operation management

At present, the general trend of pump development can be summarized as follows:

(1) Large-scale and large-capacity. If 50 years ago, the 50000 kW generator set was regarded as a major technical achievement, then today this power can only be used to drive the feed pump of a 1.3 million kW large steam turbine generator set. In recent years, large pumps in the world have developed rapidly. The impeller diameter of the giant axial flow pump has reached 7m, the diameter of the submersible pump has reached 1.6m, and the power of the double-suction centrifugal pump used in urban and industrial enterprise water supply projects has reached 5500kW

(2) High lift and high-speed. At present, the single-stage head of boiler feed pump has broken the record of 1000m. To further realize high lift, it is necessary to increase the pump speed. In the future, with the continuous improvement of pump cavitation, material strength and other problems, the pump speed is likely to further develop in the direction of high-speed, which is a worldwide trend in the pump industry.

(3) Serialization, generalization and standardization. The serialization, generalization and standardization of products (referred to as "three standardization" for short) are the inevitable requirements of modern industrial production processes. In 1975, the International Standardization Association formulated the main dimensions and specifications of single-stage centrifugal pumps with a rated pressure of 0.72MPa (ISO 2858 - 1975E). The performance range of this standard pump is: flow 6.3~400m ³/ h. The lift is 25~125m. At present, pumps meeting this specification have been sold as standard pumps in Europe. Since 1958, China has also done a lot of work in unifying the model, series classification, sizing and other aspects. The main components of pump bracket, suspension, bearing frame and so on have been

With the series of standards, the "three modernizations" of products are constantly improving.

In the future, with the development of science and technology such as atomic energy and fuel and chemical industry, the water pump industry will be required to develop various special products with high speed, high temperature, high pressure, high efficiency and large capacity. At the same time, it is also required to continuously improve the quality and level of existing conventional products. All of these will mean innovation in a series of links such as basic theory, calculation technology, model test, measurement means, material selection and processing technology.

Under the guidance of the principles of energy conservation, harmony and sustainable development, in the context of the continuous development of urban water supply and drainage pumping stations, especially the increasing number of regional long-distance water transmission projects, higher requirements are put forward for the operation and management of pumping stations. With the continuous development of computer technology, control technology, communication technology and sensor technology, the construction of SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) (monitoring and data acquisition system) of pumping stations will be improved day by day, and the operation management of pumping stations will gradually realize automation, information and intelligence to ensure the safety of pumping stations

Full, reliable and efficient operation.

The future is the extension and continuation of the present, and this task is very glorious and arduous.