渣浆泵在泵中是一个大类,其特点都是依靠叶轮的高速旋转以完成其能量的转换。由于叶轮中叶片形状的不同，旋转时水流通过叶轮受到的质量力就不同，水流流出叶轮时的方向也就不同。根据叶轮出水的水流方向可将叶片式泵分为径向流、轴向流和斜向流三种。径向流的叶轮称为离心泵，液体质点在叶轮中流动时主要受到的是离心力作用。轴向流的叶轮称为轴流泵，液体质点在叶轮中流动时主要受到的是轴向升力的作用。斜向流的叶轮称为混流泵，它是上述两种叶轮的过渡形式，液体质点在这种泵叶轮中流动时，既受离心力的作用，又有轴向升力的作用。

 在城镇及工业企业的给水排水工程中，大量使用的泵是叶片式泵，其中以离心泵最为普遍。本章将以离心泵为重点，进行详细介绍和说明。

Slurry pumps are a large category in pumps, characterized by relying on the high-speed rotation of the impeller to complete its energy conversion. Due to the different shapes of the blades in the impeller, the mass force applied to the water flow through the impeller during rotation is different, and the direction in which the water flows out of the impeller is also different. According to the flow direction of the impeller outlet water, vane pumps can be divided into three types: radial flow, axial flow, and oblique flow. The radial flow impeller is called a centrifugal pump, and the liquid particles flowing in the impeller are mainly subjected to centrifugal force. The axial flow impeller is called an axial flow pump, and the main effect of liquid particles flowing in the impeller is the axial lift force. The impeller of oblique flow is called a mixed flow pump, which is a transitional form of the above two impellers. When liquid particles flow in the impeller of this pump, they are affected by both centrifugal force and axial lift force.

In water supply and drainage projects in towns and industrial enterprises, vane pumps are widely used, with centrifugal pumps being the most common. This chapter will focus on centrifugal pumps for detailed introduction and explanation.